Everything you need to know about mastitis

Mastitis is a bacterial and inflammatory breast infection that can affect pregnant and breastfeeding women. It is a painful and very common condition capable of causing complications if not treated correctly. The causes and manifestations of this condition are varied. It is therefore important for your health and that of your baby to have the necessary information in order to overcome this "illness". In this article, we will take a closer look at the symptoms, causes, and possible treatments for mastitis.

What are the symptoms of this infection?

The symptoms of mastitis can vary depending on the mode of infection, as well as from person to person. The most common signs are:

• pain and tenderness in the affected breast;
• redness and swelling;
• a sensation of warmth and fever.

Other symptoms can include:

• chills;
• headaches;
• muscle aches;
• joint pain and fatigue.

What are the causes of mastitis?

This condition is generally caused by the entry of bacteria or pathogenic micro-organisms. These can enter the breast through a wound, a cut, or through the consumption of a contaminated product. Mastitis can also be caused by an accumulation of breast milk in the milk ducts. It can also be triggered by poor drainage of breast milk. The condition could then arise from the penetration of the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium through the nipples. Finally, it has been shown that certain women are more vulnerable to this condition — namely those suffering from high blood pressure, anxiety, and diabetes.

How is this condition diagnosed?

To diagnose this infection, your doctor will carry out a physical examination and discuss your symptoms. They will then ask you about the details of your medical history in order to check whether you are susceptible to mastitis. Your doctor may also prescribe blood tests and laboratory analyses to help confirm the diagnosis.

Mastitis: how is it treated?

The treatment of mastitis depends on your general state of health and the severity of the infection. Antibiotics are generally used to treat the infection. Other treatments can include:

• analgesics;
• anti-inflammatory drugs;
• fever-reducing medication.

How can this risk be prevented?

To avoid being affected by this condition, it is important to follow a healthy lifestyle and to practise appropriate breastfeeding techniques. It is also recommended to clean the nipples before and after each feed. You should also dry the breast thoroughly between feeds. Finally, you must be careful not to consume foods contaminated by pathogenic micro-organisms. This will help prevent bacteria from entering your body.

When should you see a doctor?

If you notice the slightest symptom of mastitis, you should see a doctor as soon as possible. Severe infections can cause serious complications if not treated correctly. It is therefore essential to seek urgent medical care.